I would like to know how to prevent and treat allergic rhinitis. Allergic rhinitis is one of the representative diseases that afflict us every season. However, most people do not know what allergic rhinitis is, what symptoms it has, and how to prevent it.
allergic rhinitis
What is Allergic Rhinitis?
Allergic rhinitis is a chronic disease caused by exposure of the mucous membranes around the eyes, nose and mouth to allergens. Allergens include various things such as pollen, dust, mold, and pet hair, and when these substances come into contact with the mucous membranes of the nose or eyes, inflammation occurs and allergy symptoms appear.
allergic rhinitis symptoms
Allergic rhinitis includes clear runny nose, frequent sneezing, nasal congestion, itching around the eyes, eye congestion, sleep disturbance, and difficulty concentrating. Symptoms are similar to those of a cold, but it is characterized by no fever, and symptoms of a cold are alleviated within about a week, but symptoms of allergic rhinitis persist until the causative substance is eliminated.
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How to treat allergic rhinitis
1. Medication
The treatment that is widely practiced in clinical practice is drug therapy. For oral use, antihistamines, leukotriene receptor antagonists, antidepressants, anticholinergics, steroids, combination drugs, etc., and for topical use, steroids, antihistamines, antidepressants. , combination drugs, etc. are mainly used.
2. Immunotherapy
In order to fundamentally alleviate the symptoms and inflammatory response of allergic rhinitis, patients are repeatedly exposed to causative antigens such as house dust mites, pollen, pets, and molds from a small amount and gradually increased to change the immune response and reduce hypersensitivity reactions. method of treatment. However, it is necessary to fully consider the treatment period of 3 to 5 years before treatment and the economic feasibility of the cost.
3. Avoidance
It would be nice if exposure to the cause could be completely blocked, but in practice complete avoidance is impossible. However, improving the environment for the cause can affect symptom relief and reduction of drug use by reducing exposure.
4. Surgery
In patients with allergic rhinitis, surgical therapy is mainly performed to improve nasal congestion or excessive runny nose. Usually, when nasal congestion is partially or totally caused by structural problems such as inferior turbinate thickening, curvature of the nasal septum, and cyst, surgical treatment can reduce nasal congestion.
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How to prevent allergic rhinitis
If you are a person who has not yet developed an allergy, it is not a good way to avoid infection too much. It is said that if you are not exposed to infection too much, you may develop allergies later.
(It is said that it is not present in childhood, but it can occur later in adolescence or adulthood.)
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allergic rhinitis
However, if you already have allergies, it is better to refrain from going out for seasonal allergies (pollen, weeds, etc.) and wear a mask when you go out to minimize inhalation. For perennial allergies (house dust, mites, etc.), the temperature should be maintained between 20 and 24 degrees and the humidity between 40 and 50% to create a well-established environment to prevent house dust or mites.
After going out, wash your nose and eyes thoroughly.
Wear a mask in places where there are many allergens.
Avoid staying in areas with many allergens as much as possible.
Frequently clean dust and mold in the house, which are often allergens.
In spring and autumn, when there are many allergens, close the windows and use an air purifier to remove dust and pollen from the room.
Does a nasal wash help?
Nasal irrigation using physiological saline may be helpful in patients with allergic rhinitis. Nasal washing can improve various nasal symptoms by enabling the removal of mucus including various inflammatory mediators and the increase of mucociliary movement.
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